[Άτλαντας με 12 φύλλα και 18 χάρτες], Georgio Sideri dicto Calapoda cretensis fecit nell'ano domini 1562 die 18 freuer
View in English
Georgio Sideri (Callapoda)
[Άτλαντας με 12 φύλλα και 18 χάρτες], Georgio Sideri dicto Calapoda cretensis fecit nell'ano domini 1562 die 18 freuer
Παγκόσμιος Άτλαντας
1562, 0
Τεχνική: Χειρόγραφος
Κατηγορία: Ναυτικός Άτλας, 12 χάρτες
Διαστάσεις: 245 x 350 mm.
Λονδίνο, British Museum, Ms Egerton 2856
London, British Museum, Ms Egerton 2856
A. Stylianou and Judith Stylianou, The History of the Cartography of Cyprus, Nicosia 1980, 28. D.A.Ratti-Paola Ratti- Vidoli, Giorgio Sideri Callapoda, cartografo cretese del cinquecento, Θησαυρίσματα 21(1991), 8.C. Astengo, Elenco Preliminare di Carte ed Atlanti Nautici Manoscriti Eseguiti nell\' area Mediterranea nel periodo 1500- 1700…, University of Genoa 1996, UKL19.
George Tolias, The Greek Portolan Charts 16th -17th century, Athens, Olkos for the NHRF, 1999, GS. 9.
Περιλαμβάνει: GS.9.1 (f2v-f3r): Χάρτης της οικουμένης σε δύο φύλλα (UNIVERSALE). GS.9.2-3 (f3v-f4r): Χάρτης της Άπω Ανατολής, των Αμερικανικών ηπείρων και των ακτών της νοτιοδυτικής Ευρώπης και της βορειοδυτικής Αφρικής. GS.9.4-5 (f4v-f5r): Ναυτικός χάρτης της Ευρώπης, της Ασίας και της Αφρικής. GS.9.6 (f5v): Ναυτικός χάρτης του Αιγαίου Πελάγους. GS.9.7 (f6r): Ναυτικός χάρτης του ανατολικού άκρου της Μεσογείου. GS.9.8 (f6v): Ναυτικός χάρτης της ανατολικής λεκάνης της Μεσογείου. GS.9.9 (f7r): Ναυτικός χάρτης του Ευξείνου Πόντου. GS.9.10 (f7v): Ναυτικός χάρτης της κεντρικής Μεσογείου. GS.9.11 (f8r): Ναυτικός χάρτης της συμβολής της Μεσογείου και του Ατλαντικού. GS.9.12 (f8v): Ναυτικός χάρτης της Ισπανίας, μέρους του Μαρόκου και του Ατλαντικού Ωκεανού. GS.9.13 (f9r): Ναυτικός χάρτης των ΒΔ. ακτών της Ευρώπης, των Βρετανικών νήσων και της Ιρλανδίας. GS.9.14 (f9v): Ναυτικός χάρτης της νοτίου Αδριατικής. GS.9.15 (f10r): Ναυτικός χάρτης της βόρειας Αδριατικής. GS.9.16 (f10v-f11r): Ναυτικός και γεωγραφικός χάρτης της Κρήτης (La Isola de Candia). GS.9.17 (f11v): Ναυτικός και γεωγραφικός χάρτης της Κύπρου (Isola de Cipro). GS.9.18(f12r): Γεωγραφικός χάρτης της Ρόδου (Isola de Rodi).
Η Βάση δεδομένων «Τεκμήρια Ελληνικής Χαρτογραφίας», περιλαμβάνει το έργο ελλήνων σχεδιαστών και εκδοτών χαρτών από τον 15ο αιώνα έως το 1820. Η Βάση περιλαμβάνει χειρόγραφους και έντυπους χάρτες και άτλαντες, καθώς και νησολόγια. Τα έργα αυτά είναι άλλοτε αυτοτελή κι άλλοτε ένθετα σε γεωγραφικές, ιστορικές ή θρησκευτικές εκδόσεις. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίδεται στην έντυπη διάδοση των έργων των ελλήνων χαρτογράφων. Είναι προϊόν του Ερευνητικού Προγράμματος «Γεωγραφική Παιδεία και Ιστορία της Χαρτογραφίας», με επιστημονικό Υπεύθυνο τον Γιώργο Τόλια, Διευθυντή Ερευνών του ΙΝΕ/ΕΙΕ.
Ινστιτούτο Νεοελληνικών Ερευνών/ ΕΙΕ
Γιώργος Τόλιας
Χαρτογραφία
[Portolan atlas with 12 leaves and 18 maps], Georgio Sideri dicto Calapoda cretensis fecit nell'ano domini 1562 die 18 freuer
Προβολή στα Ελληνικά
Georgio Sideri (Callapoda)
[Portolan atlas with 12 leaves and 18 maps], Georgio Sideri dicto Calapoda cretensis fecit nell'ano domini 1562 die 18 freuer
World (Atlas)
1562, 0
Technique: Manuscript
Category: Portolan Atlas, 12 Charts
Dimensions: 245 x 350 mm.
Λονδίνο, British Museum, Ms Egerton 2856
London, British Museum, Ms Egerton 2856
A. Stylianou and Judith Stylianou, The History of the Cartography of Cyprus, Nicosia 1980, 28. D.A.Ratti-Paola Ratti- Vidoli, Giorgio Sideri Callapoda, cartografo cretese del cinquecento, Θησαυρίσματα 21(1991), 8.C. Astengo, Elenco Preliminare di Carte ed Atlanti Nautici Manoscriti Eseguiti nell\' area Mediterranea nel periodo 1500- 1700…, University of Genoa 1996, UKL19.
George Tolias, The Greek Portolan Charts 16th -17th century, Athens, Olkos for the NHRF, 1999, GS. 9.
The atlas contains: GS.9.1 (f2v-f3r), a map of the world (UNIVERSALE) on two leaves; GS.9.2-3 (f3v-f4r), a map of the Far East, the American continent and the coastline of south-west Europe and north-west Africa; GS.9.4-5 (f4v-f5r), a portolan chart of Europe, Asia and Africa; GS.9.6 (f5v), a portolan chart of the Aegean; GS.9.7 (f6r), a portolan chart of the eastern end of the Mediterranean; GS.9.8 (f6v), a portolan chart of the east Mediterranean basin; GS.9.9 (f7r), a portolan chart of the Black Sea; GS.9.10 (f7v), a portolan chart of the central Mediterranean; GS.9.11 (f8r), a portolan chart of the area at which the Mediterranean and the Atlantic meet; GS.9.12 (f8v), a portolan chart of Spain, part of Morocco and the Atlantic; GS.9.13 (f9r), a portolan chart of the north-west coast of Europe, the British Isles and Ireland; GS.9.14 (f9v), a portolan chart of the south Adriatic; GS.9.15 (f10r), a portolan chart of the north Adriatic; GS9.9.16 (f10v-f11r), a portolan chart and geographical map of Crete (La Isola de Candia); GS.9.17 (f11v), a portolan map and geographical map of Cyprus (La Isola de Cipro), and GS.9.18 (f12r), a geographical map of Rhodes (Isola di Rodi).
Apart from its introductory oval map of the world (UNIVERSALE), the atlas contains a geographical map of the known world, 14 hydrographic charts, a map of Crete of mixed geographical and hydrographic character, and geographical maps of Cyprus and Rhodes. It belonged to the Venetian family of Emo, as can be seen from an inscription on the binding: Attinente a soggeto della nobile famiglia Emo Veneta per il suo passagio a C/poli. The coat-of-arms of the Emo family and the initials C.Em. appear on leaf 2.
Maps 2-3 and 4-5 are double - that is, the map continues on the facing page, with the main subject repeated. Maps 13 is a continuation of map 12.
The introductory oval world map follows the model set by the introductory maps to be found in Venetian atlases of the sixteenth century (such as those of Battista Agnese) in being divided into four parts by two vertical axes. The horizontal axis (Equinottiale) is marked with an indication of latitude (00-3600). The map shows Europe, Asia split between the western and eastern hemispheres, Africa, America and Antarctica. The depiction of the New World is of particular interest: America is joined to north-east Asia, and is divided by two isthmuses into three continents. The area added in the centre, between North and South America, is Nuova Ispania, the former empire of the Incas with its island city of Temitistan, which fell into Western hands in 1532. The Strait of Magellan is marked in the south, but Tierra del Fuego is shown as part of Antarctica, then unexplored. Map GS.9.2-3 is equally out of date in its perception: the planisphere shows very few cities, including Venice, Aden and Calcutta. Some of the maps have scale bars or latitude scales, and some do not.
The area now occupied by Greece is marked on map GS.9.4-5 as Dalmatia, Bulgaria, Albania and Morea. In the same area, Cephalonia (Cefalo), Zante (Cante), Crete (Candia), Rhodes (Rodi) and Cyprus (Cipro) are named. On map GS.9.6, the Greek peninsula is called Albania and Asia Minor Anatolia.
On maps GS.9.7 and GS.9.8 a place-name has been added in another hand: such additions are extremely rare in portolan charts. The position marked is called Salines, and is in fact superfluous since the place-name is already given at the same point, inscribed on the hinterland.
The mapping of the Atlantic coastline is interesting because it shows the degree of obsolescence of Sideri\'s models. Map GS.9.12 does not have a scale bar of miglia, probably because Sideri did not know how far it was from Europe to the Caribbean; this map is based on a model by Benincasa. Also of interest is the depiction of the two large islands located on the west side of the Atlantic: although a map earlier in the atlas (here GS.8.2-3) shows the Caribbean more correctly, here two large islands in the shape of regular parallelograms, one of which is the mythical Antilia, have been drawn in. Chart GS.9.13 shows the coastline of France and Flanders, the British Isles, Ireland and part of Norway with Iceland. Here, too, the mapping follows the model of Grazioso Benincasa and the map is similar to GS.1.2.
The map of Crete (GS.9.16) is a smaller version of the large map of Crete made by Sideri in 1562 and now in the Correr Museum (here GS.8). There is a scale bar of miglia in the south-west corner; it is 130 mm. in length and is divided into six equal parts. The bar bears the following note: scala demisurar .... Isola delaqui sie tutti stiponti milia: 60. The seas by which Crete is washed are also named: Mare Adriatico, Mare Cretico, Mare Carpathio and Mare Punico. Bold red lines divide the interior of the island into four administrative districts: teritorio dela cania, teritorio de retemo, teritorio de la tera and teritorio de Sitia. The larger towns are represented by small but recognisable pictures, while more stylised indications are used for settlements of secondary importance.
The map of Cyprus (Isola de Cipro, GS.9.17) has a crown to indicate that the island was a kingdom. The seas washing it are named in ornamental bands: Panphiliu Mare (NE), Aegiptiu Mare (SW) and illegible (E). All the place-names - some forty of them - are inscribed in the hinterland within off-white frames. Two place-names have been added in a different hand. In terms of its outline and orientation, this map relies on the map of Cyprus by Ferrandus Bertelli (Rome 1560), while its place-names are taken from earlier mappings of the island and in particular from the map of Matheo Pagano (Venice 1538). In 1566, Silvester van Parijs copied and printed the Sideri map in Antwerp.
The map of Rhodes (GS.9.18) resembles that of Cyprus in its style, drawing and colour-scheme. Its toponymy relies on the maps of the island contained in earlier isolarii and, in its turn, had an influence on the printed depictions of Rhodes produced in 1570-1574 by Bertelli, Pinargenti and Camocio.
The variety in the cartographic types led Ratti and Ratti to the conclusion that the atlas was made by two different cartographers and that Sideri was responsible only for the geographical maps and the map of Crete. However, it seems hazardous to state with such certainty that two different hands have been at work here and that the the name of the more skilful has been suppressed. Although the Ratti hypothesis cannot be ruled out, we would incline towards the view that Sideri used one set of models for his hydrographic charts and another for the geographical maps in the atlas. His model for the hydrographic charts of the Old World was probably one of the atlases of Grazioso Benincasa of Ancona: especially in the areas around the English Channel and the Atlantic, Sideri\'s atlas contains many of the views held by that mid-fifteenth century cartographer. Further support for our hypothesis can be found in the fact that Sideri signed one of the hydrographic charts, in the uniform ornamentation of all the leaves, and in the presence of wind roses of a form typical of Sideri\'s work.
The overall composition and aesthetics of this atlas and the cartographic work on the coastlines are reminiscent of the atlases of Battista Agnese, although it cannot compete with them in terms of artistic quality or freshness of geographical information.
The database “Greek Cartography: the Documents” includes the cartographic work of Greek mapmakers and Greek publishers of maps and cartographic material from the 15th century to 1820. The database contains manuscript and printed maps, atlases and isolarii. The works are either independent either included in geographical, historical or religious editions. Special attention is given to the printing history of the Greek mapmakers’ production. It is a product of the Research Project “Geographical Culture and History of Cartography” supervised by Dr. George Tolias, Research Director INR/NHRF.
Institute Of Neohellenic Research/NHRF
George Tolias
Cartography
